System and method of production of continuous oscillations



March 30 1926. 1,578,513

- Y J. H. HAMMOND, JR

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF CONTINUOUS OSCILLATIONS I Original Filed M h 31, 1914 'wvvvvv Witnesses Inve 71/20:.-

M Q. W I0hnHaysHammond,Jn

i of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have frequency electric valve.

Patented Mar. 30. 192 6.

JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR., 013 GLOUCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF CONTINUOUS OSGILLATIONS.

Application filed March 31 1914, Serial No. 828,605. Renewed July 1, 1921. Serial No. 481,980.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoHN HAYS HAM- MOND, Jr., a citizenof the United States, and a resident of Gloucester, in the county invented an Improvement in Systems and Methods of Production of Continuous Oscillations, of which the following descri tion, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to a system and method for the production of undamped and continuous oscillations of high frequency for the production of electromagnetic waves.

In order that the principle of the invention may be readily understood, I shall describe certain embodiments of apparatus for carrying out my system and for practicing my method.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of one form of apparatus or system for practicing my invention; and

Figs. 2 and 3 are sl'ghtly modified forms thereof.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and first to the system shown in Fig. 1, I havethereinv represented a generator of directcurrent at 1, this generator being of any .suitable type or character. I preferably provide choke coils at 2, 3, and at l I provide what I herein designate as a high This 'so-called valve is a suitable chamber, container or bulb, referably containing a rarefied gas, such or example as mercury vapor, although I am not limited to the use of such vapor. The said valve is herein represented as similar in construction to the so-called constituting-an anode,and a grid 7 or potential gradient changing means whereon a charge may. accumulate as hereinafter set forth, thereby to -change the potential gradient between the cathode and anode. The

said cathode and anode are in circuit with i the conductors 8, 9 leading from the choke coils. The said conductors are provided with a 0011 10 constituting the primary of an oscillatory transformer. The secondary coil of said transformer is indicated at 11,

' ductively connected with a secondary coil 17, forming a portion of the 0 en transmitting aerial or resonating circuit 18 connected to earth'at 19.

I Inductively connected with the resonating or aerial circuit 18, and as herein shown, with the induction coil 17, is a transformer coil 20 which is connected'by conductor 21 with the grid 7 and by conductor 22 with the cathode 5.

If a buzzer set be used to energize the antenna or open, resonating, aerial circuit 17, 18, in its free eriod,.the said antenna or circuit will oscillate electrically without requiring continued operation of the buzzer set, and alternating current waves will be transmitted from the coil or winding 17 to the coil 20, and if the valve or chamber 4 has direct current flowing from thecathode 5 to the anode 6, the saidvalve or chamberwill present a rectifying quality which will cause an accumulation of negative electric-- ity on the grid 7; This accumulation of" negative'electricity will change the potential gradient between the cathode 5 and the anode 6. The grid 7, being ultranegative with regard to the cathode 5, will stop the flow of current from the cathode 5 to the anode 6. When this action occurs the flue tuation of current which takes place thi'ough the primary winding 10 oft e oscillat ory transformer will set up alternating currents Q in the so-called fly wheel circuit 14. These alternating currents will in turn produce. alternating currents in the open aerial or re onating circuit 17. 18. These alterna ions will react on the winding 20, and this will cause a change of the charge on the grid 7. That is to say, when a negative charge is inducedin the winding 20, the direct current will be interrupted through the said valve or chamber- 4. In this manner, the said aerial eircuit controls the action of the vdirect current flow. However,since the aerial circuitis energized by the periodic interruption of the direct current flow, it will be seen cut.

that the parts of the system are interdepend 2,"I have represented a system difom that shown in-Flg. 1 mainly in mploy'a. condenser'23 in' the cn'cult In Fi faring that e .containin'g-the valve, chamber or container 4. The apparatus and system-illustrated in Figs; 11 an '2 areintended to constitute a transmitting system of radiant energy in the form ofelectro-magnetic waves.

In Fig. 3, I have shown a somewhat similar apparatus one adapted for use either as a transmitting. or a rece ving system.

Therein I have'indicated the parts corres onding to those shown in Figs,- 1' and 2 by t e same reference numerals.. At 24 I have indicated telephones suitable to withstand the large amount of current that will'be used in' this system.- It will, moreover, 'be observed that the primary winding is nor-' .mally in circuit with the cathode 5, the direct current generator 1 and the plate or anode 6; I The aerial-or resonating circmt is provided with a variable inductance coil 17 *andjalso with a coil 25 with which is inductively connect-ed a coil ,26 connected by conductor 27 with the grid 7. A switch 28 1 l s -arranged in such a manner that when it is closed the primary'winding 10' will be short circuited or cut out, but when it is open I the primary winding 10' will be effective.

Each alternation'o'f the current in the open aerial circuit 17, 25 tends to roduce a change of potential of the grid through the action of thetransformer 25, 26. This change of potential on the grid 7 in turn controls the flow of direct currentthrough the so-called electric valve'l. When the switch .28 is open this will cause an interrupted direct current flow through the primary' winding of the transformer 10' which will produce alternating currents in thefl v wheel circuit 14,15, which will co-act on .the'aerial circuit 17,-said circuit in turn reacting upon the grid either through the action of the transformer or through electrostatic action or in "any other suitable way. When it is desired to utilize the system for receiving. instead of for transmitting sig-' nalsthe switch 28 is closed, thus short circuiting or cutting out theprimary transformer winding 10 and consequently rendermg the. fly wheel circuit 14, ineffective. (as

In this condition of the system, the tele- I phones 24- areconnected'iin shunt through the switch 28 wlth the valve or detector 4, and when a signal of radiant energy is voltage on the gri 7 .will be'tvaried through which may be readily heard in'the telephones 24.

From the foregoing description it' ill be" openaerial circuit the;

evident that I have' provided a system and have discloseda method for the production of undam ed and continuous electric oscillations of iigh'frequency for the production of electromagnetic waves. Although I have set. forth in the 0 lowing claims.

limitation, the sec e of the invention being Claims:

t 1;- A system for the production of electric oscillations, comprising a detector-having a cathode, an anode, and potential gradient changing means, an aerial circuit, means operatively connecting said circuit to said potential gradient chan mg means to cause saidcircuit to control t e operation of said detector, acircuit controlled by said detector and including a source of electric energy, and means arran ed to be energized as a result of the action of said detector forproducing electric oscillations in said aerial circuit. I f

2. A s stem for the production of electric oscillations, comprising a detectorhaving a cathode, an anode, and otential grament changing means, an aerial circuit, means inductively connecting said circuit to said potential gradient changing meansto cause said "circuit to control the operation of said detector, a circuit'controlled by said detector and including a source of electric energy, and means arranged. to be energized as a result pf the action of said detector for producing electric oscillations in said aerial circuit. 4

3. A system for the production of continuous electric oscillations, comprising a direct current source, a gaseous valve having a cathode, ananode and potential gradient changing means, a primary inductance coil in circuit with said valve, a secondary inductance coil, a second oscillatory. transformer in circuit ,with said" secondary. coil and including an aerial'circuit, and means in inductive relation to said aerial circu t for controlling said potential gradient changing means.

, 1. A system for the production of continuous electrical oscillations comprising a source of electric current, a .circuit energized from said source, a detector of feeble electric currents controlling said circuit, and including a'receptacle, two spaced electrodes in said receptacle, and a conducting body interposed 1' ST AVAILABLE COPY: A

in said .receptacle between said electrodes, an aerialv circuit, a circuit connected to said conducting body and coupled to said aerial circuit, and a circuit connecting said electrodes and coupled to said aerial circuit.

5. A system for the production of continuousclectrical oscillations comprising a source of electric current, a circuit energized from said source, a detector of feeble circuit arranged to be controlled by said first mentioned circuit and to control said second mentioned circuit.

7 The method of producing electrical oscillations in an aerial circuit of aradio transmission system which comprises gen-' crating a direct current in a second circuit, causing a fluctuation in said, current by. an initial energization of said aerial circuit,

."producing in a third circuit an oscillatory tectorand arranged to'cause" electrical oscilcurrent fromsaid fluctuating current, and producing from said oscillatory current an oscillatory current in said aerial circuit.

8. A system for the production of electrical oscillations, comprising an aerial circuit, a detector, means operatively connectmg said circuit to said detector and arranged to cause electrical oscillations produced in said circuit to control said detector, a circuit controlled by said detector'and including a source of electrical energy, and a circuit controlled by said detector and operatively connecting said detector to said aerial circuit in such a manner as to cause current fluctuations insaid detector to set electrical oscillations in said aerial circuit.

'9. A system for the production of electrical oscillations, com rising an aerial circuit, a mercury vapor detector; means operativly connecting said'circuit to said delations produced in said circuit to. control sald detector, a circuit controlled by said detector and including a source of electrical energy, and a circuit controlled by said detector and operatively connecting said detector to said aerial circuit in such a manner asto cause current fluctuations in-saidde tector to set electrical oscillations in said aerial circuit.

10. In a signaling system, means for 05 transmitting sustained, h-igh frequency elecname to this'specification.

tric oscillations, comprising a source otelectric energy, a circuit energized from said source, a three-electrode vacuum tube controlling-said circuit, a storage circuit coupled with said first-mentioned circuit, an oscillatory circuit inductively connected to the lIiPIllLSldB of said tube to control the action 0 the same, and inductively connected to said storage circuit to be controlled thereby, whereby continuous electric oscillations may be produced in said oscillatory circuit.

'11. In a radio system, the combination with an antenna, of an electron discharge device having grid and plate circuits inductively connected to said antenna and so arranged that oscillations will be produced in said antenna, 'said antenna being provided with means for tuning the same thereby varying the frequency of the oscillations produced.

12. A transmitting system for radiant energy including an. antenna, a thermionic oscillator comprising a cathode, an anode, and 'potential'gradient changing means, a circuit connecting said cathode and said anode and including a source of electric energy, a circuit connecting said cathode and said potential gradient chan ing means and operatively connected to sai antenna, and a 'osci ator comprising a cathode, an anode,

and potential radient changing means, a

circuit connccti'n said cathode and said fie said including an antenna, a thermionic anode and inclu ing a source of electric energy, a circuit connecting said cathode and said potential gradient changing means and operatively'connected to said antenna, and a circuit connecting said cathode and said anode and operatively connected to said antenna, said two last mentioned circuits being so' arranged that .oscillationsmay be produced and maintained-in said antenna. 14. The combination of a vacuum tube generator of high frequency oscillations, a stora e circuit to which high frequency oscillatlons are supplied, 'a radiating circuit whichis supplied from said storage circuit, and aconnection from said radiating circuit to said; generator for maintaining constant the frequency of the oscillation generated.

15. The combination of avacuum tube generator of high frequency, oscillations, a stora e circuit to which high frequency oscillatlons are supplied, a radiating circuit which'is supplied from said storage circuit and means associated with the radiating circuit for aintaining substantially constant the'fre'q, ency of the oscillations generated; In testimony whereof,'I-have signed my JOHN- .HAYS HAMMOND, JR. 1 

